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13. Regulation Of Blood Glucose Level [808120]
2025-09-16

The Silent Threat: What Happens to Your Body When Blood Sugar Range is Too High

Maintaining a healthy blood sugar range is crucial for optimal bodily functions. However, when this range becomes too high, it can lead to severe consequences on the body. In this article, we'll delve into what happens when your blood sugar level gets out of control and explore ways to manage it effectively.

The Insidious Effects of High Blood Sugar: A Closer Look

When you consume food containing carbohydrates or sugars, they're broken down into glucose, which is then absorbed by the bloodstream. At this point, insulin – a hormone produced by the pancreas – steps in to regulate blood sugar levels. However, when your diet consists mainly of high-carb foods and added sugars, it puts an immense burden on your body's ability to manage these fluctuations.

This excessive glucose can lead to various complications:

  • Insulin resistance: The primary issue associated with a constantly high blood sugar level is insulin resistance – the pancreas struggles to produce sufficient amounts of insulin.
  • Increased oxidative stress: As cells struggle to absorb excess glucose, it leads to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes oxidative damage and cellular deterioration.

Why High Blood Sugar Can Affect Your Heart Health

Maintaining a healthy blood sugar range is vital for heart health. Elevated levels can lead to cardiovascular issues:

  • Inflammation: Insulin resistance triggers inflammation in the vascular walls, leading to increased risk of cardiac events.
  • Reduced does apple cider vinegar help blood sugar level nitric oxide production: This essential nutrient plays a crucial role in maintaining proper circulation and preventing platelet aggregation.

As your blood sugar level increases, so does your vulnerability to heart disease. The American Heart Association suggests that elevated blood glucose is associated with various cardiovascular conditions:

*   Atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries)
*   Hypertension
*   Cardiac arrhythmias

High Blood Sugar: The Impact on Your Brain Function

When you issues with blood sugar eat, your body responds to the increase in blood sugar diabetes in dogs blood sugar levels by releasing insulin. As a result, glucose enters the brain's primary fueling system:

  • Energy supply chain disruption: When blood sugar levels exceed normal ranges for an extended period; cells can become less responsive or insensitive to insulin (insulin resistance).

    High-blood-sugar states have been shown to reduce overall brain volume in regions controlling hunger and satiety. Studies also reveal a link between long-term elevated glucose intake with neurodegenerative processes like Alzheimer's disease.

How Blood Sugar Range Affects Your Mental Clarity and Mood

A healthy blood sugar range is crucial for maintaining optimal mental function, as research demonstrates:

  • Neurotransmitter imbalance: 90 mg/dl blood sugar High-glucose states can cause an abnormal amount of these molecules within the brain. As a result, decreased sensitivity to serotonin receptors leads to fluctuations in mood.
  • Hypoglycemic episodes: Although generally minor complications; low-blood glucose levels also trigger symptoms like dizziness or disorientation.

The Link Between Blood Sugar Range and Your Overall Well-being

Maintaining an ideal blood sugar range is necessary for your overall well-being. High levels of glucose are associated with increased morbidity from metabolic, cardiovascular diseases to mental health disorders:

  • Diabetes: The condition directly linked to chronic high-glucose states; where the pancreas has trouble producing adequate amounts of normal blood sugar level in newborn insulin.
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Cognitive Decline
Notes available in Community post of Youtube Normal level Fasting plasma glucose- 70 to 110 mg/dl Post meal plasma glucose-110 to 140 mg/dl Random plasma glucose- 70 to 140 mg/dl SOURCES OF BLOOD GLUCOSE AND UTILIZATION Effect of hormones 1. Insulin- lowers blood glucose, increases uptake, promote Glycogenesis and glycolysis, inhibit gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis 2. Glucagon- increases blood glucose, promote glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis 3. Epinephrine- increases blood glucose, promote glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis 4. Growth hormone, cortisol, ACTH, thyroid hormones- increases blood glucose ROLE OF GLUCAGON AND EPINEPHRINE IN GLUCOSE REGULATION ROLE OF INSULIN IN GLUCOSE REGULATION GLUCOSE UTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT STATES 1. In well fed state – dietary glucose is used for glycogen and fat synthesis. All cells utilize glucose as a source of energy. 2. Post absorptive state- in this state source of glucose is by hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to some extent. Source of energy for brain is glucose. Liver and skeletal muscle utilizes fatty acids as a source of energy. 3. Starvation- After 16 to 18 hrs of fast glycogen store get completely Depleted. Gluconeogenesis in liver and kidney is main source of glucose. Brain utilizes glucose and ketone bodies as a fuel. 4. Prolonged starvation- after several days, main source for gluconeogenesis is muscle proteins. Brain completely depends on ketone bodies as a fuel. Renal threshold- level of plasma glucose beyond which it is excreted in urine (180mg/dl ) Methods of estimation of plasma glucose 1. Glucose oxidase-peroxidase method 2. Hexokinase method 3. By glucometer Increase/ Decrease in plasma glucose is called as HYPERGLYCEMIA/HYPOGLYCEMIA
13. Regulation of blood glucose level
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